Wide-range screening of anti-inflammatory compounds in tomato using LC-MS and elucidating the mechanism of their functions.
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| Abstract |    :  
                  Obesity-induced chronic inflammation is a key factor in type 2 diabetes. A vicious cycle involving pro-inflammatory mediators between adipocytes and macrophages is a common cause of chronic inflammation in the adipose tissue. Tomato is one of the most popular vegetables and is associated with a reduced risk of diabetes. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of tomato on diabetes is unclear. In this study, we focused on anti-inflammatory compounds in tomato. We found that the extract of tomato reduced plasma glucose and inflammatory markers in mice. We screened anti-inflammatory fractions in tomato using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, and active compounds were estimated by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry over a wide range. Surprisingly, a large number of compounds including oxylipin and coumarin derivatives were estimated as anti-inflammatory compounds. Especially, 9-oxo-octadecadienoic acid and daphnetin suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 macrophages inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation and inhibitor of kappa B α protein degradation. These findings suggest that tomato containing diverse anti-inflammatory compounds ameliorates chronic inflammation in obese adipose tissue.  | 
        
| Year of Publication |    :  
                  0 
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| Journal |    :  
                  PloS one 
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| Volume |    :  
                  13 
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| Issue |    :  
                  1 
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| Number of Pages |    :  
                  e0191203 
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| Date Published |    :  
                  2018 
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| DOI |    :  
                  10.1371/journal.pone.0191203 
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| Short Title |    :  
                  PLoS One 
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